Felix Ritzkowsky

Postdoctoral Fellow/Associate

Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
66 Massachusetts Ave., Suite 36-227
Cambridge, MA 02139

fritzkow@mit.edu

Felix holds the Feodor-Lynen Research Fellowship, awarded by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and is currently a postdoctoral researcher in the Electrical Engineering Department at MIT. He received his doctorate degree from the University of Hamburg in 2023 working at DESY in the group of Prof. Dr. Franz Kärtner on ultrafast MIR laser development and petahertz electronics. His B.Sc. and M. Sc. degrees Felix received from the University of Konstanz working on ultrafast fiberlaser systems and on attosecond charge transport in nanosystems.
His current work is focused on the development of few-cycle lasersources in the shortwave infrared and on petahertz electronics.

QNN Publications, Conference Papers, Talks & Thesis

2723951 Felix Ritzkowsky 1 ieee 50 date desc title 3400 https://qnn-rle.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%223HBIH9UK%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bechhofer%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BA.%20Bechhofer%2C%20J.%20Simonaitis%2C%20F.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20L.%20Daniel%2C%20K.%20K.%20Berggren%2C%20and%20P.%20D.%20Keathley%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%5C%2Fabstract%5C%2Fdocument%5C%2F11109477%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BExploring%20Parasitics%20and%20Coupling%20between%20Optically%20Driven%20Nanoantennas%20and%20Interconnects%20in%20Petahertz%20Electronic%20Circuits%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20in%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B2025%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20Europe%20%26amp%3B%20European%20Quantum%20Electronics%20Conference%20%28CLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC%29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20June%202025%2C%20pp.%201%5Cu20131.%20doi%3A%2010.1109%5C%2FCLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC65582.2025.11109477.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Exploring%20Parasitics%20and%20Coupling%20between%20Optically%20Driven%20Nanoantennas%20and%20Interconnects%20in%20Petahertz%20Electronic%20Circuits%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bechhofer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Simonaitis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Luca%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daniel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%20pursuit%20of%20petahertz%20electronics%2C%20we%20seek%20to%20develop%20light-wave%20electronic%20circuits%20which%20are%20orders%20of%20mag-nitude%20faster%20than%20conventional%20electronics%20and%20work%20to%20realize%20signal%20processing%20at%20unprecedented%20bandwidths%20%5B1%5D.%20Optically%20driven%20nanoantennas%20are%20a%20promising%20candidate%20for%20petahertz%20electronics%2C%20with%20many%20advantages%20such%20as%20sub-cycle%20attosecond%20charge%20transport%2C%20polarization%20sensitivity%2C%20and%20low%20optical%20field%20requirements%20due%20to%20their%20geometrical%20and%20resonant%20field%20enhancement%20%5B2%5D%5Cu2013%5B4%5D.%20However%2C%20the%20development%20of%20petahertz%20logic-gates%20%5B5%5D%20and%20memory%20circuits%20is%20hindered%20by%20the%20computational%20cost%20of%20full%20electromagnetic%20and%20particle%20tracking%20simulations%2C%20which%20become%20unwieldy%20when%20scaling%20from%20a%20single%20antenna%20to%20a%20system%20of%20multiple%20interconnected%20ones.%20To%20overcome%20this%20challenge%2C%20we%20developed%20a%20compact%20circuit%20model%20in%20LTspice%20which%20goes%20beyond%20describing%20the%20electromagnetic%20response%20as%20was%20done%20in%20prior%20works%20%5B6%5D.%20Our%20model%20also%20describes%20charge%20transport%20in%20a%20nanoantenna%2C%20paving%20the%20way%20for%20effective%20modeling%20of%20functional%20petahertz%20circuit%20elements.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-06%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%222025%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20Europe%20%26%20European%20Quantum%20Electronics%20Conference%20%28CLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC%29%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%222025%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20Europe%20%26%20European%20Quantum%20Electronics%20Conference%20%28CLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC%29%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1109%5C%2FCLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC65582.2025.11109477%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%5C%2Fabstract%5C%2Fdocument%5C%2F11109477%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-08-25T14%3A32%3A22Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ULASJSLI%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20M.%20Yeung%2C%20G.%20L.%20Dolso%2C%20L.-T.%20Chuo%2C%20and%20P.%20D.%20Keathley%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%5C%2Fabstract%5C%2Fdocument%5C%2F11109943%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BHigh-Repetition%20Rate%202.3-Cycle%20Shortwave-Infrared%20Source%20for%20Next-Generation%20Field-Resolved%20Spectroscopy%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20in%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B2025%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20Europe%20%26amp%3B%20European%20Quantum%20Electronics%20Conference%20%28CLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC%29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20June%202025%2C%20pp.%201%5Cu20131.%20doi%3A%2010.1109%5C%2FCLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC65582.2025.11109943.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22High-Repetition%20Rate%202.3-Cycle%20Shortwave-Infrared%20Source%20for%20Next-Generation%20Field-Resolved%20Spectroscopy%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gian%20Luca%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dolso%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lu-Ting%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chuo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Field-resolved%20spectroscopy%20has%20been%20highly%20influential%20in%20the%20study%20of%20light-matter%20interactions%20at%20terahertz%20and%20infrared%20frequencies%2C%20such%20as%20the%20investigation%20of%20matter%20under%20extreme%20conditions%20%5B1%5D%2C%20or%20accessing%20fundamentals%20of%20quantum%20mechanics%20by%20directly%20measuring%20vacuum%20fluctuations%20in%20time%20%5B2%5D.%20However%2C%20conventional%20electro-optic%20sampling%20is%20limited%20in%20its%20accessible%20bandwidth%20by%20the%20optical%20gating%20pulse%20duration%20and%20phase%20matching%20constraints.%20To%20overcome%20these%20limitations%2C%20field-resolved%20measurements%20based%20on%20small-signal%20perturbation%20of%20nonlinear%20electron%20emission%20have%20been%20developed%20%5B3%5D%5Cu2013%5B6%5D.%20Due%20to%20the%20extreme%20nonlinearity%20of%20the%20electron%20emission%2C%20these%20methods%20allow%20to%20generate%20sub-cycle%20attosecond%20probes%20with%20petahertz%20bandwidth%20to%20measure%20electric%20field%20in%20amplitude%20and%20phase%20with%20unprecedented%20bandwidth.%20The%20realization%20of%20a%20universal%20field-resolved%20spectroscopy%20platform%20based%20on%20this%20method%20has%20unique%20challenges%2C%20as%20it%20requires%20high%20repetition%20rates%20for%20sufficient%20SNR%2C%20few-cycle%20pulses%20for%20the%20generation%20of%20almost%20isolated%20attosecond%20electron%20bursts%2C%20long%20wavelengths%20in%20the%20NIR%20to%20MIR%20for%20increased%20ponderomotive%20energy%2C%20microjoule%20level%20energies%2C%20and%20carrier-envelope%20phase%20%28CEP%29%20stability.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-06%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%222025%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20Europe%20%26%20European%20Quantum%20Electronics%20Conference%20%28CLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC%29%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%222025%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20Europe%20%26%20European%20Quantum%20Electronics%20Conference%20%28CLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC%29%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1109%5C%2FCLEO%5C%2FEurope-EQEC65582.2025.11109943%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%5C%2Fabstract%5C%2Fdocument%5C%2F11109943%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-08-25T14%3A15%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22C74CSYUB%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-04-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20M.%20Yeung%2C%20G.%20L.%20Dolso%2C%20L.-T.%20Chou%2C%20and%20P.%20D.%20Keathley%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpreprints.opticaopen.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fpreprint%5C%2FHigh-Repetition_Rate_CEP-stable_Shortwave_Infrared_Source_with_Two-Cycle_Pulses_for_Field-Resolved_Spectroscopy%5C%2F28734833%5C%2F2%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BHigh-Repetition%20Rate%2C%20CEP-stable%20Shortwave%20Infrared%20Source%20with%20Two-Cycle%20Pulses%20for%20Field-Resolved%20Spectroscopy%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20Apr.%2008%2C%202025%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BOptica%20Open%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20doi%3A%2010.1364%5C%2Fopticaopen.28734833.v2.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22preprint%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22High-Repetition%20Rate%2C%20CEP-stable%20Shortwave%20Infrared%20Source%20with%20Two-Cycle%20Pulses%20for%20Field-Resolved%20Spectroscopy%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gian%20Luca%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dolso%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lu-Ting%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%20Donald%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20report%20on%20a%20passively%20carrier-envelope%20phase%20%28CEP%29%20stable%20optical%20parametric%20amplifier%20generating%20two-cycle%20pulses%20at%202.1%5Cu03bcm%20with%20energies%20of%20up%20to%202.2%20%5Cu03bcJ%20operating%20at%20a%20repetition%20rate%20of%20400%20kHz%2C%20specifically%20designed%20for%20applications%20in%20field-resolved%20spectroscopy.%20The%20measured%20pulse%20duration%20is%2013.6%20fs%2C%20resulting%20in%202%20cycles%20of%20the%20carrier%20wave.%20Due%20to%20the%20robust%20CEP-stable%20front-end%20design%2C%20we%20achieve%20exceptional%20open-loop%20CEP%20stability%20of%20250%20mrad%20%28rms%29%20and%20the%20capability%20for%20fast%20CEP%20modulation.%22%2C%22genre%22%3A%22%22%2C%22repository%22%3A%22Optica%20Open%22%2C%22archiveID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025%5C%2F04%5C%2F08%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1364%5C%2Fopticaopen.28734833.v2%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpreprints.opticaopen.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fpreprint%5C%2FHigh-Repetition_Rate_CEP-stable_Shortwave_Infrared_Source_with_Two-Cycle_Pulses_for_Field-Resolved_Spectroscopy%5C%2F28734833%5C%2F2%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-04-14T16%3A57%3A18Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DFNBSWR4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Yeung%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-04-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BM.%20Yeung%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1021%5C%2Facs.nanolett.4c06536%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BBandwidth%20of%20Lightwave-Driven%20Electronic%20Response%20from%20Metallic%20Nanoantennas%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BNano%20Lett.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20vol.%2025%2C%20no.%2013%2C%20pp.%205250%5Cu20135257%2C%20Apr.%202025%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1021%5C%2Facs.nanolett.4c06536.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Bandwidth%20of%20Lightwave-Driven%20Electronic%20Response%20from%20Metallic%20Nanoantennas%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lu-Ting%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Turchetti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shih-Hsuan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Lightwave%20electronics%20offer%20transformative%20field-level%20precision%20and%20control%20at%20high%20optical%20frequencies.%20While%20recent%20advances%20show%20that%20lightwave-driven%20electron%20emission%20from%20nanoantennas%20enables%20time-domain%2C%20field-resolved%20analysis%20of%20optical%20waveforms%20through%20a%20small-signal%20analysis%2C%20the%20effect%20of%20the%20gate%20waveform%20on%20the%20measurement%20transfer%20function%20remains%20unexplored.%20By%20generating%20electrons%20with%20a%2010-cycle%20pulse%20in%20the%20optical%20tunneling%20regime%20and%20perturbing%20the%20response%20with%20a%201.5-cycle%20pulse%2C%20we%20experimentally%20measure%20the%20bandwidth%20limitations%20imposed%20by%20the%20electron%20emission%20process.%20By%20comparing%20these%20measurements%20with%20TDSE%20simulations%20and%20analytical%20models%2C%20we%20reveal%20the%20temporal%20properties%20of%20the%20electronic%20response%20and%20its%20impact%20on%20the%20small-signal%20transfer%20function.%20Our%20results%20test%20and%20confirm%20the%20accuracy%20of%20the%20Fowler%5Cu2013Nordheim%20model%20in%20estimating%20the%20lightwave%20electronic%20response%20from%20noble%20metals.%20We%20envision%20extending%20these%20techniques%20to%20multi-octave-spanning%20signals%20for%20precise%20characterization%20of%20sub-cycle%20electronic%20responses%20through%20harmonic%20frequency%20mixing.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-04-02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1021%5C%2Facs.nanolett.4c06536%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221530-6984%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1021%5C%2Facs.nanolett.4c06536%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-04-10T18%3A02%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HYBHMTBI%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Keathley%20and%20Ritzkowsky%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222025-01-23%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BP.%20D.%20Keathley%20and%20F.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20%26quot%3BComment%20on%20%26%23039%3BSynthesis%20and%20Direct%20Sampling%20of%20Single-Cycle%20Light%20Transients%20by%20Electron%20Tunneling%20in%20a%20Nanodevice%2C%26%23039%3B%26quot%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BACS%20Photonics%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20Jan.%202025%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1021%5C%2Facsphotonics.4c01800.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Comment%20on%20%5C%22Synthesis%20and%20Direct%20Sampling%20of%20Single-Cycle%20Light%20Transients%20by%20Electron%20Tunneling%20in%20a%20Nanodevice%5C%22%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22A%20recent%20article%20by%20Luo%20et%20al.%2C%20%5Cu201cSynthesis%20and%20Direct%20Sampling%20of%20Single-Cycle%20Light%20Transients%20by%20Electron%20Tunneling%20in%20a%20Nanodevice.%5Cu201d%20ACS%20Photonics%202023%2C%2010%2C%202866%5Cu20132873%2C%20describes%20the%20use%20of%20photoassisted%20tunneling%20from%20nanostructures%20to%20sample%20synthesized%20optical%20field%20transients%20in%20the%20time%20domain.%20The%20authors%20claim%20that%20with%20their%20measurement%20approach%20the%20single-photon%20absorption%20process%20they%20used%20for%20detection%20is%20sufficient%20for%20the%20complete%20characterization%20of%20the%20measured%20optical%20field%20transients%20in%20the%20time%20domain%2C%20thus%20providing%20complete%20amplitude%20and%20phase%20information%20in%20the%20frequency%20domain.%20However%2C%20our%20own%20analysis%20shows%20that%20if%20the%20experiments%20described%20in%20the%20manuscript%20behave%20in%20the%20way%20the%20authors%20describe%2C%20it%20would%20in%20fact%20not%20be%20possible%20to%20retrieve%20complete%20optical%20field%20information.%20Our%20analysis%20finds%20that%20measurements%20described%20by%20the%20authors%20should%20only%20provide%20spectral%20amplitude%20information%20no%20different%20from%20the%20information%20provided%20by%20a%20spectrometer.%20As%20a%20result%20of%20our%20findings%2C%20we%20have%20significant%20concerns%20regarding%20the%20validity%20of%20the%20key%20claims%20of%20the%20paper.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222025-01-23%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1021%5C%2Facsphotonics.4c01800%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1021%5C%2Facsphotonics.4c01800%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-02-11T20%3A02%3A52Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22AFF8E4NY%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-11-23%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41467-024-53788-z%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BOn-chip%20petahertz%20electronics%20for%20single-shot%20phase%20detection%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BNat%20Commun%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20vol.%2015%2C%20no.%201%2C%20pp.%201%5Cu20138%2C%20Nov.%202024%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1038%5C%2Fs41467-024-53788-z.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22On-chip%20petahertz%20electronics%20for%20single-shot%20phase%20detection%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Engjell%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bebeti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gebert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Toru%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Matsuyama%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthias%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Budden%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roland%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mainz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huseyin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cankaya%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giulio%20Maria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rossi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Attosecond%20science%20has%20demonstrated%20that%20electrons%20can%20be%20controlled%20on%20the%20sub-cycle%20time%20scale%20of%20an%20optical%20waveform%2C%20paving%20the%20way%20towards%20optical%20frequency%20electronics.%20However%2C%20these%20experiments%20historically%20relied%20on%20high-energy%20laser%20pulses%20and%20detection%20not%20suitable%20for%20microelectronic%20integration.%20For%20practical%20optical%20frequency%20electronics%2C%20a%20system%20suitable%20for%20integration%20and%20capable%20of%20generating%20detectable%20signals%20with%20low%20pulse%20energies%20is%20needed.%20While%20current%20from%20plasmonic%20nanoantenna%20emitters%20can%20be%20driven%20at%20optical%20frequencies%2C%20low%20charge%20yields%20have%20been%20a%20significant%20limitation.%20In%20this%20work%20we%20demonstrate%20that%20large-scale%20electrically%20connected%20plasmonic%20nanoantenna%20networks%2C%20when%20driven%20in%20concert%2C%20enable%20charge%20yields%20sufficient%20for%20single-shot%20carrier-envelope%20phase%20detection%20at%20repetition%20rates%20exceeding%20tens%20of%20kilohertz.%20We%20not%20only%20show%20that%20limitations%20in%20single-shot%20CEP%20detection%20techniques%20can%20be%20overcome%2C%20but%20also%20demonstrate%20a%20flexible%20approach%20to%20optical%20frequency%20electronics%20in%20general%2C%20enabling%20future%20applications%20such%20as%20high%20sensitivity%20petahertz-bandwidth%20electric%20field%20sampling%20or%20logic-circuits.%20Characterisation%20of%20optical%20frequency%20electric%20fields%20and%20its%20integration%20within%20ultrafast%20currents%20in%20nanostructures%20is%20a%20crucial%20step%20for%20the%20development%20of%20petahertz%20electronics%20devices.%20Here%20the%20authors%20demonstrate%20singleshot%20measurement%20of%20the%20phase%20of%20a%20laser%20pulse%20with%20on-chip%20arrays%20of%20hundreds%20of%20metallic%20nanoantennas.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-11-23%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41467-024-53788-z%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222041-1723%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41467-024-53788-z%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-02-11T20%3A05%3A44Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226HBT25LV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A80746%2C%22username%22%3A%22dkeathley%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Donnie%20Keathley%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Fdkeathley%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Yeung%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-08-14%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BM.%20Yeung%2C%20L.-T.%20Chou%2C%20M.%20Turchetti%2C%20F.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20K.%20K.%20Berggren%2C%20and%20P.%20D.%20Keathley%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.science.org%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1126%5C%2Fsciadv.adq0642%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BLightwave-electronic%20harmonic%20frequency%20mixing%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BScience%20Advances%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20vol.%2010%2C%20no.%2033%2C%20p.%20eadq0642%2C%20Aug.%202024%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1126%5C%2Fsciadv.adq0642.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Lightwave-electronic%20harmonic%20frequency%20mixing%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lu-Ting%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Turchetti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Electronic%20frequency%20mixers%20are%20fundamental%20building%20blocks%20of%20electronic%20systems.%20Harmonic%20frequency%20mixing%20in%20particular%20enables%20broadband%20electromagnetic%20signal%20analysis%20across%20octaves%20of%20spectrum%20using%20a%20single%20local%20oscillator.%20However%2C%20conventional%20harmonic%20frequency%20mixers%20do%20not%20operate%20beyond%20hundreds%20of%20gigahertz%20to%20a%20few%20terahertz.%20If%20extended%20to%20the%20petahertz%20scale%20in%20a%20compact%20and%20scalable%20form%2C%20harmonic%20mixers%20would%20enable%20field-resolved%20optical%20signal%20analysis%20spanning%20octaves%20of%20spectra%20in%20a%20monolithic%20device%20without%20the%20need%20for%20frequency%20conversion%20using%20nonlinear%20crystals.%20Here%2C%20we%20demonstrate%20lightwave-electronic%20harmonic%20frequency%20mixing%20beyond%200.350%20PHz%20using%20plasmonic%20nanoantennas.%20We%20demonstrate%20that%20the%20mixing%20process%20enables%20complete%2C%20field-resolved%20detection%20of%20spectral%20content%20far%20outside%20that%20of%20the%20local%20oscillator%2C%20greatly%20extending%20the%20range%20of%20detectable%20frequencies%20compared%20to%20conventional%20heterodyning%20techniques.%20Our%20work%20has%20important%20implications%20for%20applications%20where%20optical%20signals%20of%20interest%20exhibit%20coherent%20femtosecond-scale%20dynamics%20spanning%20multiple%20harmonics.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-08-14%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1126%5C%2Fsciadv.adq0642%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.science.org%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1126%5C%2Fsciadv.adq0642%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-09-29T13%3A56%3A05Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2282JENR9X%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-05-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20%26%23x201C%3BQuantitative%20Pulse%20Characterization%20of%20Octave%20Spanning%20Pulses%20in%20the%20MIR%2C%26%23x201D%3B%20presented%20at%20the%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20%28CLEO%202024%29%2C%20May%2009%2C%202024.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22presentation%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Quantitative%20Pulse%20Characterization%20of%20Octave%20Spanning%20Pulses%20in%20the%20MIR%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22presenter%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%209%2C%202024%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-09-30T19%3A05%3A51Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GBN3BQ7B%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A7400726%2C%22username%22%3A%22QNNGroup%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Quantum%20Nanostructure%20and%20Nanofabrication%20Group%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Fqnngroup%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bechhofer%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-05-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BA.%20R.%20Bechhofer%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26%23x201C%3BCompact%20Circuit%20Models%20for%20Nanoantenna-Based%20Petahertz%20Electronics%2C%26%23x201D%3B%20presented%20at%20the%202024%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20%28CLEO%29%2C%20Charlotte%2C%20NC%3A%20Optica%2C%20May%202024%2C%20p.%20JTh2A.222.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Compact%20Circuit%20Models%20for%20Nanoantenna-Based%20Petahertz%20Electronics%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adina%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bechhofer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Simonaitis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shruti%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nirantar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Luca%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daniel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%20Donald%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F09%5C%2F2024%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%222024%20Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20%28CLEO%29%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-02-25T19%3A59%3A07Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224GY2N2VQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-06-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Farxiv.org%5C%2Fabs%5C%2F2306.01621%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BLarge%20Area%20Optical%20Frequency%20Detectors%20for%20Single-Shot%20Phase%20Readout%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20June%2002%2C%202023%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BarXiv%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%3A%20arXiv%3A2306.01621.%20doi%3A%2010.48550%5C%2FarXiv.2306.01621.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22preprint%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Large%20Area%20Optical%20Frequency%20Detectors%20for%20Single-Shot%20Phase%20Readout%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Engjell%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bebeti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gebert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Toru%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Matsuyama%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthias%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Budden%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roland%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mainz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huseyin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cankaya%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giulio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rossi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Attosecond%20science%20has%20demonstrated%20that%20electrons%20can%20be%20controlled%20on%20the%20sub-cycle%20time%20scale%20of%20an%20optical%20wave%2C%20paving%20the%20way%20toward%20optical%20frequency%20electronics.%20Using%20controlled%20few-cycle%20optical%20waveforms%2C%20the%20study%20of%20sub-cycle%20electron%20emission%20has%20enabled%20the%20generation%20of%20attosecond%20ultraviolet%20pulses%20and%20the%20control%20of%20attosecond%20currents%20inside%20of%20solids.%20However%2C%20these%20experiments%20rely%20on%20high-energy%20laser%20systems%20not%20suitable%20for%20integration%20with%20microcircuits.%20To%20move%20towards%20integrated%20optical%20frequency%20electronics%2C%20a%20system%20suitable%20for%20integration%20into%20microcircuits%20capable%20of%20generating%20detectable%20signals%20with%20low%20pulse%20energies%20is%20needed.%20While%20current%20from%20plasmonic%20nanoantenna%20emitters%20can%20be%20driven%20at%20optical%20frequencies%2C%20low%20charge%20yields%20have%20been%20a%20significant%20limitation.%20In%20this%20work%20we%20demonstrate%20that%20large-scale%20electrically-connected%20plasmonic%20nanoantenna%20networks%2C%20when%20driven%20in%20concert%2C%20enable%20a%20much%20higher%20charge%20yield%20sufficient%20for%20shot-to-shot%20carrier-envelope%20phase%20detection%2C%20which%20is%20a%20hallmark%20of%20the%20underlying%20sub-cycle%20processes.%20We%20use%20a%20tailored%20sub-2-cycle%20mid-infrared%20waveform%20of%20only%20tens%20of%20nanojoules%20of%20energy%20to%20drive%20in%20excess%20of%202000%20carrier-envelope-phase-sensitive%20electrons%20from%20interconnected%20plasmonic%20nanoantenna%20arrays%20that%20we%20detect%20on%20a%20single-shot%20basis%20using%20conventional%20electronics.%20Our%20work%20shows%20that%20electronically%20integrated%20plasmonic%20nanoantennas%20are%20a%20viable%20approach%20to%20integrated%20optical%20frequency%20electronics.%20By%20engineering%20the%20nanoantennas%20to%20the%20particular%20use%20case%2C%20such%20as%20carrier-envelope%20phase%20detection%2C%20and%20optimizing%20the%20density%20and%20total%20amount%2C%20the%20output%20signals%20are%20fully%20controlled.%20This%20approach%20to%20optical%20frequency%20electronics%20will%20further%20enable%20many%20interesting%20applications%2C%20such%20as%20petahertz-bandwidth%20electric%20field%20sampling%20or%20the%20realization%20of%20logic%20gates%20operating%20at%20optical%20frequencies.%22%2C%22genre%22%3A%22%22%2C%22repository%22%3A%22arXiv%22%2C%22archiveID%22%3A%22arXiv%3A2306.01621%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-06-02%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.48550%5C%2FarXiv.2306.01621%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Farxiv.org%5C%2Fabs%5C%2F2306.01621%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-06-09T16%3A52%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22V7AJZB4K%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-05-07%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopg.optica.org%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3DCLEO_SI-2023-SM1M.5%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BSingle-Shot%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%20in%20PHz%20Electronic%20Networks%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20in%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BCLEO%202023%20%282023%29%2C%20paper%20SM1M.5%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20Optica%20Publishing%20Group%2C%20May%202023%2C%20p.%20SM1M.5.%20Accessed%3A%20July%2024%2C%202023.%20%5BOnline%5D.%20Available%3A%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Single-Shot%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%20in%20PHz%20Electronic%20Networks%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yeung%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Engjell%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bebeti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gebert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Toru%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Matsuyama%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giulio%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rossi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roland%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mainz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huseyin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cankaya%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kartner%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20report%20single-shot%20detection%20of%20the%20carrier-envelope%20phase%20of%20few-cycle%20mid-infrared%20waveforms%20using%20petahertz%20electronic%20networks.%20Leveraging%20large-area%20networks%2C%20we%20demonstrate%20a%20charge%20amplitude%20of%202%2C500%20electrons%20per%20shot%2C%20enabling%20the%20detection%20at%20the%20full%20laser%20repetition%20rate%20of%2050%20kHz.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023%5C%2F05%5C%2F07%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22CLEO%202023%20%282023%29%2C%20paper%20SM1M.5%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22CLEO%3A%20Science%20and%20Innovations%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22EN%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopg.optica.org%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3DCLEO_SI-2023-SM1M.5%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-07-24T14%3A19%3A35Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22WSWRN6ZR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-07-18%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BF.%20Ritzkowsky%2C%20M.%20R.%20Bionta%2C%20M.%20Turchetti%2C%20K.%20K.%20Berggren%2C%20P.%20D.%20Keathley%2C%20and%20F.%20X.%20K%5Cu00e4rtner%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopg.optica.org%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3DUP-2022-Th1A.4%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BTailoring%20the%20Impulse%20Response%20of%20Petahertz%20Optical%20Field-Sampling%20Devices%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20in%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BThe%20International%20Conference%20on%20Ultrafast%20Phenomena%20%28UP%29%202022%20%282022%29%2C%20paper%20Th1A.4%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20Optica%20Publishing%20Group%2C%20July%202022%2C%20p.%20Th1A.4.%20Accessed%3A%20Sept.%2021%2C%202022.%20%5BOnline%5D.%20Available%3A%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Tailoring%20the%20Impulse%20Response%20of%20Petahertz%20Optical%20Field-Sampling%20Devices%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mina%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bionta%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Turchetti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Nanoantenna-based%20petahertz-electronic%20devices%20allow%20tailoring%20of%20attosecond%20fast%20electron%20emission%20currents%20for%20optical-field%20sampling%20applications.%20We%20show%20how%20the%20devices%5Cu2019%20symmetry%20properties%20can%20be%20engineered%20and%20electronically%20controlled%20to%20dramatically%20reconfigure%20the%20spectral%20sampling%20response.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222022%5C%2F07%5C%2F18%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22The%20International%20Conference%20on%20Ultrafast%20Phenomena%20%28UP%29%202022%20%282022%29%2C%20paper%20Th1A.4%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22International%20Conference%20on%20Ultrafast%20Phenomena%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22EN%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fopg.optica.org%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3DUP-2022-Th1A.4%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-21T14%3A39%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22EQESHL8E%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BD.%20Cattozzo%20Mor%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26%23x201C%3BPHz%20Electronic%20Device%20Design%20and%20Simulation%20for%20Waveguide-Integrated%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%2C%26%23x201D%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJournal%20of%20Lightwave%20Technology%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20vol.%2040%2C%20no.%2012%2C%20pp.%203823%26%23x2013%3B3831%2C%20June%202022%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1109%5C%2FJLT.2022.3150246.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22PHz%20Electronic%20Device%20Design%20and%20Simulation%20for%20Waveguide-Integrated%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dario%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yujia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Neetesh%20Kumar%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Singh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Carrier-envelope%20phase%20%28CEP%29%20detection%20of%20ultrashort%20optical%20pulses%20and%20low-energy%20waveform%20field%20sampling%20have%20recently%20been%20demonstrated%20using%20direct%20time-domain%20methods%20that%20exploit%20optical-field%20photoemission%20from%20plasmonic%20nanoantennas.%20These%20devices%20are%20compact%20and%20integratable%20solid-state%20detectors%20operating%20at%20optical%20frequencies%20under%20ambient%20conditions%20using%20low%20pulse%20energies%20%28picojoule-level%29.%20Potential%20applications%20include%20frequency-comb%20stabilization%2C%20optical%20time-domain%20spectroscopy%2C%20compact%20tools%20for%20attosecond%20science%20and%20metrology%2C%20and%20petahertz-scale%20information%20processing.%20However%2C%20to%20date%20these%20devices%20have%20been%20driven%20by%20free-space%20optical%20waveforms%20and%20their%20implementation%20within%20integrated%20photonic%20platforms%20has%20yet%20to%20be%20demonstrated.%20In%20this%20work%2C%20we%20design%20and%20simulate%20fully-integrated%20plasmonic%20nanoantennas%20coupled%20to%20a%20Si%24_3%5C%5CtextN_4%24-core%20waveguide%20for%20CEP%20detection.%20We%20find%20that%20when%20coupled%20to%20realistic%20on-chip%2C%20few-cycle%20supercontinuum%20sources%2C%20these%20devices%20are%20suitable%20for%20direct%20time-domain%20CEP%20detection%20within%20integrated%20photonic%20platforms.%20We%20estimate%20a%20signal-to-noise%20ratio%20of%2030%20dB%20at%2050%20kHz%20resolution%20bandwidth%2C%20and%20address%20technical%20details%2C%20such%20as%20the%20tuning%20of%20the%20nanoantennas%20plasmonic%20resonance%2C%20CEP%20slippage%20in%20the%20waveguide%2C%20optical%20losses%2C%20and%20sensitivity%20to%20driving%20pulse%20characteristics%20such%20as%20energy%20and%20duration.%20Our%20results%20provide%20the%20basis%20for%20future%20design%20and%20fabrication%20of%20time-domain%20CEP%20detectors%20and%20allow%20for%20the%20development%20of%20fully-integrated%20attosecond%20science%20applications%2C%20frequency-comb%20stabilization%20and%20light-wave-based%20PHz%20electronics.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222022-06%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1109%5C%2FJLT.2022.3150246%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221558-2213%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-12-23T20%3A54%3A30Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%228XGCXQ4H%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A7400726%2C%22username%22%3A%22QNNGroup%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Quantum%20Nanostructure%20and%20Nanofabrication%20Group%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Fqnngroup%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-09-26%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A5%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BD.%20Cattozzo%20Mor%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Farxiv.org%5C%2Fabs%5C%2F2109.12558%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BPHz%20Electronic%20Device%20Design%20and%20Simulation%20for%20Waveguide-Integrated%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20Sept.%2026%2C%202021.%20Accessed%3A%20Oct.%2013%2C%202021.%20%5BOnline%5D.%20Available%3A%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22preprint%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22PHz%20Electronic%20Device%20Design%20and%20Simulation%20for%20Waveguide-Integrated%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dario%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yujia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Neetesh%20Kumar%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Singh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Carrier-envelope%20phase%20%28CEP%29%20detection%20of%20ultrashort%20optical%20pulses%20and%20low-energy%20waveform%20field%20sampling%20have%20recently%20been%20demonstrated%20using%20direct%20time-domain%20methods%20that%20exploit%20optical-field%20photoemission%20from%20plasmonic%20nanoantennas.%20These%20devices%20make%20for%20compact%20and%20integratable%20solid-state%20detectors%20operating%20at%20optical%20frequency%20that%20work%20in%20ambient%20conditions%20and%20require%20minute%20pulse%20energies%20%28picojoule-level%29.%20Applications%20include%20frequency-comb%20stabilization%2C%20visible%20to%20near-infrared%20time-domain%20spectroscopy%2C%20compact%20tools%20for%20attosecond%20science%20and%20metrology%20and%2C%20due%20to%20the%20high%20electronic%20switching%20speeds%2C%20petahertz-scale%20information%20processing.%20However%2C%20these%20devices%20have%20been%20driven%20by%20free-space%20optical%20waveforms%20and%20their%20implementation%20within%20integrated%20photonic%20platforms%20has%20yet%20to%20be%20demonstrated.%20In%20this%20work%2C%20we%20design%20and%20simulate%20fully-integrated%20plasmonic%20bow-tie%20nanoantennas%20coupled%20to%20a%20Si%24_3%24N%24_4%24-core%20waveguide%20for%20CEP%20detection.%20We%20find%20that%20when%20coupled%20to%20realistic%20on-chip%2C%20few-cycle%20supercontinuum%20sources%2C%20these%20devices%20are%20suitable%20for%20direct%20time-domain%20CEP%20detection%20within%20integrated%20photonic%20platforms.%20We%20estimate%20a%20signal-to-noise%20ratio%20of%2030%20dB%20at%2050%20kHz%20resolution%20bandwidth.%20We%20address%20technical%20details%2C%20such%20as%20the%20tuning%20of%20the%20nanoantennas%20plasmonic%20resonance%20and%20the%20waveform%26%23039%3Bs%20CEP%20slippage%20in%20the%20waveguide.%20Moreover%2C%20we%20evaluate%20power%20losses%20due%20to%20absorption%20and%20scattering%20and%20we%20study%20the%20device%20sensitivity%20to%20pulse%20duration%20and%20pulse%20peak%20field%20intensity.%20Our%20results%20provide%20the%20basis%20for%20future%20design%20and%20fabrication%20of%20time-domain%20CEP%20detectors%20and%20allow%20for%20the%20development%20of%20fully-integrated%20attosecond%20science%20applications%2C%20frequency-comb%20stabilization%20and%20light-wave-based%20PHz%20electronics.%22%2C%22genre%22%3A%22%22%2C%22repository%22%3A%22%22%2C%22archiveID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021-09-26%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Farxiv.org%5C%2Fabs%5C%2F2109.12558%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-09-30T16%3A45%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22CBL28NLC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bionta%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BM.%20R.%20Bionta%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41566-021-00792-0%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BOn-chip%20sampling%20of%20optical%20fields%20with%20attosecond%20resolution%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BNat.%20Photonics%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20vol.%2015%2C%20no.%206%2C%20pp.%20456%5Cu2013460%2C%20June%202021%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1038%5C%2Fs41566-021-00792-0.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22On-chip%20sampling%20of%20optical%20fields%20with%20attosecond%20resolution%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mina%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bionta%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Turchetti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yujia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dario%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Putnam%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20demonstrate%20an%20on-chip%2C%20optoelectronic%20device%20capable%20of%20sampling%20arbitrary%2C%20low-energy%2C%20near-infrared%20waveforms%20under%20ambient%20conditions%20with%20sub-optical-cycle%20resolution.%20Our%20detector%20uses%20field-driven%20photoemission%20from%20resonant%20nanoantennas%20to%20create%20attosecond%20electron%20bursts%20that%20probe%20the%20electric%20field%20of%20weak%20optical%20waveforms.%20Using%20these%20devices%2C%20we%20sampled%20the%20electric%20fields%20of%20~5%5Cu2009fJ%20%286.4%5Cu2009MV%5Cu2009m%5Cu22121%29%2C%20few-cycle%2C%20near-infrared%20waveforms%20using%20~50%5Cu2009pJ%20%280.64%5Cu2009GV%5Cu2009m%5Cu22121%29%20near-infrared%20driving%20pulses.%20Beyond%20sampling%20these%20weak%20optical%20waveforms%2C%20our%20measurements%20directly%20reveal%20the%20localized%20plasmonic%20dynamics%20of%20the%20emitting%20nanoantennas%20in%20situ.%20Applications%20include%20broadband%20time-domain%20spectroscopy%20of%20molecular%20fingerprints%20from%20the%20visible%20region%20through%20the%20infrared%2C%20time-domain%20analysis%20of%20nonlinear%20phenomena%20and%20detailed%20investigations%20of%20strong-field%20light%5Cu2013matter%20interactions.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021-06%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41566-021-00792-0%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221749-4893%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs41566-021-00792-0%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-06-06T16%3A44%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IEUJ9QIG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-05-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BD.%20Cattozzo%20Mor%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.osapublishing.org%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3DCLEO_SI-2021-SW3J.3%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BPHz%20Electronic%20Device%20Design%20for%20Waveguide-Integrated%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20in%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BConference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20%282021%29%2C%20paper%20SW3J.3%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20Optical%20Society%20of%20America%2C%20May%202021%2C%20p.%20SW3J.3.%20doi%3A%2010.1364%5C%2FCLEO_SI.2021.SW3J.3.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22PHz%20Electronic%20Device%20Design%20for%20Waveguide-Integrated%20Carrier-Envelope%20Phase%20Detection%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dario%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cattozzo%20Mor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yujia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Neetesh%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Singh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franz%20X.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22K%5Cu00e4rtner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20design%20and%20simulate%20electrically-connected%20plasmonic%20bow-tie%20nanoantennas%20integrated%20onto%20a%20Si3N4%20waveguide%20for%20carrier-envelope-phase%20detection%20of%20few-cycle%20pulse%20trains.%20Our%20results%20demonstrate%20a%20promising%20route%20to%20waveguide-integrated%20petahertz%20electronics%20for%20CEP%20detection%20and%20stabilization.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021%5C%2F05%5C%2F09%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22Conference%20on%20Lasers%20and%20Electro-Optics%20%282021%29%2C%20paper%20SW3J.3%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22CLEO%3A%20Science%20and%20Innovations%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22EN%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1364%5C%2FCLEO_SI.2021.SW3J.3%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.osapublishing.org%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3DCLEO_SI-2021-SW3J.3%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-06-07T15%3A54%3A36Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222VHDN2FZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2723951%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Turchetti%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-03-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bclear%3A%20left%3B%20%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-left-margin%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bfloat%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5B1%5D%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-right-inline%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bmargin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3BM.%20Turchetti%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3Bet%20al.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26quot%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.osapublishing.org%5C%2Fjosab%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3Djosab-38-3-1009%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BImpact%20of%20DC%20bias%20on%20weak%20optical-field-driven%20electron%20emission%20in%20nano-vacuum-gap%20detectors%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%2C%26quot%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJ.%20Opt.%20Soc.%20Am.%20B%2C%20JOSAB%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20vol.%2038%2C%20no.%203%2C%20pp.%201009%5Cu20131016%2C%20Mar.%202021%2C%20doi%3A%2010.1364%5C%2FJOSAB.413680.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Impact%20of%20DC%20bias%20on%20weak%20optical-field-driven%20electron%20emission%20in%20nano-vacuum-gap%20detectors%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marco%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Turchetti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mina%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bionta%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yujia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Felix%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ritzkowsky%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Denis%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Candido%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Flatt%5Cu00e9%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berggren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phillip%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Keathley%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%20this%20work%2C%20we%20investigate%20multiphoton%20and%20optical%20field%20tunneling%20emission%20from%20metallic%20surfaces%20with%20nanoscale%20vacuum%20gaps.%20Using%20time-dependent%20Schr%5Cu00f6dinger%20equation%20%28TDSE%29%20simulations%2C%20we%20find%20that%20the%20properties%20of%20the%20emitted%20photocurrent%20in%20such%20systems%20can%20be%20greatly%20altered%20by%20the%20application%20of%20only%20a%20few-volt%20direct%20current%20%28DC%29%20bias.%20We%20find%20that%20when%20coupled%20with%20expected%20plasmonic%20enhancements%20within%20the%20nanometer-scale%20metallic%20gaps%2C%20the%20application%20of%20this%20DC%20bias%20significantly%20reduces%20the%20threshold%20for%20the%20transition%20to%20optical-field-driven%20tunneling%20from%20the%20metal%20surface%2C%20and%20could%20sufficiently%20enhance%20the%20emitted%20photocurrents%2C%20to%20make%20it%20feasible%20to%20electronically%20tag%20fJ%20ultrafast%20pulses%20at%20room%20temperature.%20Given%20the%20petahertz-scale%20instantaneous%20response%20of%20the%20photocurrents%2C%20and%20the%20low%20effective%20capacitance%20of%20thin-film%20nanoantenna%20devices%20that%20enables%20%26lt%3B1fs%20response%20time%2C%20detectors%20that%20exploit%20this%20bias-enhanced%20surface%20emission%20from%20nanoscale%20vacuum%20gaps%20could%20prove%20to%20be%20useful%20for%20communication%2C%20petahertz%20electronics%2C%20and%20ultrafast%20optical-field-resolved%20metrology.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021%5C%2F03%5C%2F01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22EN%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1364%5C%2FJOSAB.413680%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221520-8540%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.osapublishing.org%5C%2Fjosab%5C%2Fabstract.cfm%3Furi%3Djosab-38-3-1009%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-06-30T20%3A54%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
[1]
A. Bechhofer, J. Simonaitis, F. Ritzkowsky, L. Daniel, K. K. Berggren, and P. D. Keathley, "Exploring Parasitics and Coupling between Optically Driven Nanoantennas and Interconnects in Petahertz Electronic Circuits," in 2025 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC), June 2025, pp. 1–1. doi: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC65582.2025.11109477.
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky, M. Yeung, G. L. Dolso, L.-T. Chuo, and P. D. Keathley, "High-Repetition Rate 2.3-Cycle Shortwave-Infrared Source for Next-Generation Field-Resolved Spectroscopy," in 2025 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC), June 2025, pp. 1–1. doi: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC65582.2025.11109943.
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky, M. Yeung, G. L. Dolso, L.-T. Chou, and P. D. Keathley, "High-Repetition Rate, CEP-stable Shortwave Infrared Source with Two-Cycle Pulses for Field-Resolved Spectroscopy," Apr. 08, 2025, Optica Open. doi: 10.1364/opticaopen.28734833.v2.
[1]
M. Yeung et al., "Bandwidth of Lightwave-Driven Electronic Response from Metallic Nanoantennas," Nano Lett., vol. 25, no. 13, pp. 5250–5257, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c06536.
[1]
P. D. Keathley and F. Ritzkowsky, "Comment on 'Synthesis and Direct Sampling of Single-Cycle Light Transients by Electron Tunneling in a Nanodevice,'" ACS Photonics, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c01800.
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky et al., "On-chip petahertz electronics for single-shot phase detection," Nat Commun, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–8, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53788-z.
[1]
M. Yeung, L.-T. Chou, M. Turchetti, F. Ritzkowsky, K. K. Berggren, and P. D. Keathley, "Lightwave-electronic harmonic frequency mixing," Science Advances, vol. 10, no. 33, p. eadq0642, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adq0642.
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky, “Quantitative Pulse Characterization of Octave Spanning Pulses in the MIR,” presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO 2024), May 09, 2024.
[1]
A. R. Bechhofer et al., “Compact Circuit Models for Nanoantenna-Based Petahertz Electronics,” presented at the 2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Charlotte, NC: Optica, May 2024, p. JTh2A.222.
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky et al., "Large Area Optical Frequency Detectors for Single-Shot Phase Readout," June 02, 2023, arXiv: arXiv:2306.01621. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2306.01621.
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky et al., "Single-Shot Carrier-Envelope Phase Detection in PHz Electronic Networks," in CLEO 2023 (2023), paper SM1M.5, Optica Publishing Group, May 2023, p. SM1M.5. Accessed: July 24, 2023. [Online]. Available:
[1]
F. Ritzkowsky, M. R. Bionta, M. Turchetti, K. K. Berggren, P. D. Keathley, and F. X. Kärtner, "Tailoring the Impulse Response of Petahertz Optical Field-Sampling Devices," in The International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena (UP) 2022 (2022), paper Th1A.4, Optica Publishing Group, July 2022, p. Th1A.4. Accessed: Sept. 21, 2022. [Online]. Available:
[1]
D. Cattozzo Mor et al., “PHz Electronic Device Design and Simulation for Waveguide-Integrated Carrier-Envelope Phase Detection,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 40, no. 12, pp. 3823–3831, June 2022, doi: 10.1109/JLT.2022.3150246.
[1]
D. Cattozzo Mor et al., "PHz Electronic Device Design and Simulation for Waveguide-Integrated Carrier-Envelope Phase Detection," Sept. 26, 2021. Accessed: Oct. 13, 2021. [Online]. Available:
[1]
M. R. Bionta et al., "On-chip sampling of optical fields with attosecond resolution," Nat. Photonics, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 456–460, June 2021, doi: 10.1038/s41566-021-00792-0.
[1]
D. Cattozzo Mor et al., "PHz Electronic Device Design for Waveguide-Integrated Carrier-Envelope Phase Detection," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (2021), paper SW3J.3, Optical Society of America, May 2021, p. SW3J.3. doi: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.SW3J.3.
[1]
M. Turchetti et al., "Impact of DC bias on weak optical-field-driven electron emission in nano-vacuum-gap detectors," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, JOSAB, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1009–1016, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.413680.